SELECT 
  cscart_categories.category_id, 
  cscart_categories.parent_id, 
  cscart_categories.id_path, 
  cscart_category_descriptions.category, 
  cscart_categories.position, 
  cscart_categories.status, 
  cscart_categories.company_id 
FROM 
  cscart_categories 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_category_descriptions ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_category_descriptions.category_id 
  AND cscart_category_descriptions.lang_code = 'ja' 
WHERE 
  1 = 1 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A') 
  AND cscart_categories.parent_id IN (175) 
  AND cscart_categories.id_path LIKE '166/175/%' 
  AND cscart_categories.category_id IN(
    167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 166, 175, 
    176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 185, 
    186, 187, 188, 189, 174, 190, 191, 193, 
    194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 
    202, 203, 204, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 
    213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 
    221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 
    229, 230, 231, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 
    238, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 
    247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 
    263, 255, 165
  ) 
ORDER BY 
  cscart_categories.is_trash asc, 
  cscart_categories.position asc, 
  cscart_category_descriptions.category asc

Query time 0.00147

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "filesort": {
      "sort_key": "cscart_categories.is_trash, cscart_categories.position, cscart_category_descriptions.category",
      "temporary_table": {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_categories",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY",
            "c_status",
            "parent",
            "id_path",
            "p_category_id"
          ],
          "key": "parent",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["parent_id"],
          "ref": ["const"],
          "rowid_filter": {
            "range": {
              "key": "id_path",
              "used_key_parts": ["id_path"]
            },
            "rows": 7,
            "selectivity_pct": 8.43373494
          },
          "rows": 7,
          "filtered": 8.433734894,
          "attached_condition": "(cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' or find_in_set(0,cscart_categories.usergroup_ids) or find_in_set(1,cscart_categories.usergroup_ids)) and cscart_categories.`status` = 'A' and cscart_categories.id_path like '166/175/%' and cscart_categories.category_id in (167,168,169,170,171,172,166,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182,185,186,187,188,189,174,190,191,193,194,195,196,197,198,199,200,201,202,203,204,208,209,210,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,218,219,220,221,222,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,232,234,235,236,237,238,240,241,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,263,255,165)"
        },
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_category_descriptions",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "9",
          "used_key_parts": ["category_id", "lang_code"],
          "ref": ["smscrm_edev.cscart_categories.category_id", "const"],
          "rows": 1,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "trigcond(cscart_category_descriptions.lang_code = 'ja')"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Result

category_id parent_id id_path category position status company_id
176 175 166/175/176 GPS & カーナビ 10 A 0
185 175 166/175/185 カーステレオ 20 A 0
186 175 166/175/186 スピーカー 30 A 0
202 175 166/175/202 サブウーファー 40 A 0
187 175 166/175/187 アンプ 50 A 0
188 175 166/175/188 車載DVD & ビデオ 60 A 0
189 175 166/175/189 レーダー探知機 70 A 0